INTEGRATING BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS WITH SOLAR PV FOR GRID STABILIZATION

Abstract

A grid-connected Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) represents a vital part of the modern electrical grid because it enables the efficient management of electricity supply and demand. The intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, such as solar PV, creates significant issues like stability and reliability of the grid as their share is raised. This study focuses on demonstrating how BESS can reduce this by storing surplus electricity during low demand periods and discharging it during peak times or insufficient renewable energy generation. This feature, in turn, diminishes the need for the traditional, fossil fuel power plants by cutting down greenhouse gas emissions and operational costs. The combination of BESS with solar PV makes renewable energy adoption easier by solving problems like reductions in the energy supply and emptying of the batteries. Thus, it brings about frequency regulation, voltage control, and overall grid stabilization. Various battery technologies that include lithium-ion, lead-acid, and flow batteries are examined to understand their appropriateness for different grid applications are discussed. The main system configurations like AC-coupled, DC-coupled, and hybrid models are evaluated as well as the operational strategies like peak shaving, load shifting, and frequency control.